calcium phosphate stones chemical composition

Bone mineral: new insights into its chemical composition
2019.6.11 Indeed, thanks to the comparison with hydrogen-phosphate-containing calcium phosphate mineral standards such as brushite (Dicalcium Phosphate Dihydrate, DCPD; CaHPO 4.2H 2 O) and octacalcium ...
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Calcium Stone: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Medical
2019.7.13 Calcium Phosphate Stone. Calcium phosphate stones can be divided into calcium phosphate (apatite) and calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (brushite) .
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Urinary stone composition analysis and clinical ... - Nature
2021.3.19 The most common stone component was calcium oxalate (77.5%), followed by calcium phosphate (8.7%), infection stone (7.6%), uric acid (UA) stone
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Composition and morphology of phosphate stones and their
Calcium phosphate (CaP) stones account for about 15% of all urinary stones, with a marked female preponderance, and reflect a wide diversity of etiology. Variation of the relative
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Kidney stone analysis: “Give me your stone, I will tell you
2014.12.3 Moreover, they are unable to quantify the respective amount of each element in mixed stones and to differentiate accurately between the various crystalline
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Compositional and Morphological Studies of Kidney and
2022.10.6 They reported that out of all the kidney stones, 53.39% were mixed stones, 17.81% were anhydrous uric acid stones, 5.3% were calcium phosphate stones, 0.49%
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Effect of Potassium Citrate on Calcium Phosphate Stones in a
2015.4.8 Hypercalciuria is the most common metabolic abnormality observed in patients who form calcium-based kidney stones. 1 – 3 The elevated levels of urinary
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Kidney stone analysis techniques and the role of major and
2014.7.31 Most stones contain calcium (Ca) combined with oxalate, phosphate or occasionally uric acid in the form of calcium oxalate (CaC 2 O 4 ⋅H 2 O), calcium
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Chemical Studies of Multicomponent Kidney Stones Using
2023.8.16 Globally, approximately 80% of kidney stones are composed of calcium oxalate mixed with calcium phosphate. Stones composed of uric acid, struvite and
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Calcium Phosphate Mineral - an overview ScienceDirect
The subjects that will be presented in this chapter are: (1) The nature of the mineral phase in bone; that is, the chemical composition and crystal structure of the solid calcium
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Kidney stone analysis techniques and the role of major and
2014.7.31 A study of the chemical composition of kidney stones is important for understanding how they are formed. The choice of medical therapy for kidney stone disease is usually based on an analysis of the stones, which enables proper management of the disease and prevents its recurrence. ... -calcium phosphate stones were reported to have
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CALCIUM PHOSPHATE STONES: Causes and Prevention
2016.7.28 Phosphate stones, HA or Br, can grow faster and larger than calcium oxalate ones. Calcium phosphate crystals invade kidney tissue – so called tubule plugs. Tissue damage is common, as is Nephrocalcinosis from plugging – often misdiagnosed as medullary sponge kidney. Kidney tissue damage is worse with Br than HA stones.
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Calcium Phosphate - Ca3 (PO4)2 - BYJU'S
Calcium phosphate is a calcium salt of phosphoric acid with a chemical formula Ca 3 (PO 4) 2. It is also known as Calcium phosphate tribasic or Tricalcium Phosphate. Calcium phosphate appears as a white amorphous or crystalline powder that is odourless and tasteless. It is insoluble in ethanol, and acetic acid but soluble in dilute nitric acid ...
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Kidney stone analysis: “Give me your stone, I will tell
2014.12.3 All these considerations raise the importance that the stone analysis should provide information on the stone morphology, chemical composition and crystalline phases, as well as their location within the stone. ... Relationships between carbonation rate of carbapatite and morphologic characteristics of calcium phosphate stones and etiology ...
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The Pathophysiology of Kidney Stone Formation SpringerLink
2022.8.23 The chemical composition of crystals in stones is frequently a mixture of multiple crystal types rather than one crystal type. ... the eruption of a calcium phosphate stone into the calyceal system exposes it to a microenvironment that may favor other crystals to form. Depending on pH, either uric acid or continued calcium phosphate
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Chemical Characterization of Gallstones: An Approach to
2015.4.8 This study aimed to describe the chemical composition of gallstones and the socio-demographic factors of a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with gallstone disease. ... I—Pigment stone showing bulbiform calcium phosphate crystals. J—Calcium distribution of the pigment stone of an area composed of calcium phosphate crystals.
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Morphological Characterization and Phase Determination of Kidney Stones ...
2023.6.1 The chemical composition of the phases in the investigated samples was confirmed by the EDAX results. Table 2. ... Relationships between carbonation rate of carbapatite and morphologic characteristics of calcium phosphate stones and etiology. Urology, 73 (2009), pp. 968-975.
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Effect of Potassium Citrate on Calcium Phosphate Stones in a
2015.4.8 Hypercalciuria is the most common metabolic abnormality observed in patients who form calcium-based kidney stones. 1 – 3 The elevated levels of urinary calcium increase the probability for nucleation and growth of calcium oxalate (CaOx) and/or calcium hydrogen phosphate (CaHPO 4, brushite) crystals into clinically significant kidney stones.
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Description of Stone Morphology and Crystalluria Improve
2022.12.20 1. Introduction to Stone Morphological Analyses. The analysis of urinary stones is usually performed by physical methods, X-ray diffraction (XRD) or Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), but not by chemical methods that may lead to misdiagnosis [1,2].The identification of the crystalline components of stones and their
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Urolithiasis in Small Animals - MSD Veterinary Manual
Some mineral solutes precipitate to form crystals in urine; these crystals may aggregate and grow to macroscopic size, at which time they are known as uroliths (calculi or stones). Uroliths generally contain an organic matrix that is believed to vary minimally among uroliths and that constitutes ~2%–10% of the stone’s chemical composition.
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Study of risk factor of urinary calculi according to the
2021.4.22 According to the stone composition, the case group was subdivided into three groups. 129 patients had single calcium oxalate stones, 72 had calcium oxalate stones mixed with other stones and 22 ...
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Analysis of stones formed in the human gall bladder and
2020.5.14 The likelihood of recurrence is about 50% (Kim et al. 1985), and the selection of preventive measures depends upon the stone’s chemical composition ... and calcium phosphate in stone samples collected from middle-aged female patients of Kandy district of Sri Lanka. They found that the majority of these gallstones were either pigment
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Chemical Studies of Multicomponent Kidney Stones Using
2023.8.16 Defining the kidney stone composition is important for determining a treatment plan, understanding etiology and preventing recurrence of nephrolithiasis, which is considered as a common, civilization disease and a serious worldwide medical problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphology and chemical composition of
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Medical Student Curriculum: Kidney Stones
Calcium phosphate stones typically form in an alkaline pH of 7.2 or higher, which is a good reason to avoid prolonged overtreatment with urinary alkalinizing ... treatment is based on stone characteristics such as chemical composition (based on Hounsfield units of the stone on CT and patient associated risk factors), intra-renal location ...
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Types of Kidney Stones: Chart, Comparison, and Treatment
2022.10.13 There are four types of kidney stones: calcium stones. uric acid stones. struvite stones (triple phosphate, or magnesium ammonium phosphate) cystine stones. Calcium stones are the most common type ...
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Morphological characteristics and microstructure of kidney stones
2019.3.22 Understanding the mechanisms of kidney stone formation, development patterns and associated pathological features are gaining importance due to an increase in the prevalence of the disease and diversity in the presentation of the stone composition. Based on the microstructural characteristics of kidney stones, it may be possible to
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Urinary stone composition analysis and clinical
2021.3.19 It is worth noting that all struvite stones are mixed stones. We detected calcium oxalate in 1352 (88.9%) stones, and calcium oxalate accounted for more than 50% of the stone composition in 1178 (77.5%) stones. Similarly, calcium phosphate was found in 525 (34.5%) stones, and 132 (8.7%) stones contained more than 50% calcium phosphate.
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KIDNEY STONE TYPES Kidney Stone Program - University of
2014.6.20 Kidney stone types. Crystals make stones and their names signify the kidney stone types. Here are the names of the crystals that make the stones: CAOX, Calcium Oxalate; CAP, Calcium phosphate; UA, Uric Acid; Cystine; Struvite. The wedges on my pie chart show the relative abundances of stone types in our large population of stone
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Calcium Stone: Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Medical
2019.7.13 Calcium phosphate stones can be divided into calcium phosphate (apatite) and calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (brushite) . ... Identification of the stone composition traditionally was made with a chemical method, but newer techniques such as infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction have superseded the old method for better
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Renal struvite stones—pathogenesis, microbiology, and
2014.5.13 The pathogenesis of infection stones requires urea, water, calcium, magnesium, phosphate, urine pH of >6.8–7.2, and the urease enzyme. When urease is present, water and urea are hydrolysed to ...
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A woman with recurrent calcium phosphate kidney stones
A woman with recurrent calcium phosphate kidney stones. 2012 Jul;7 (7):1172-8. doi: 10.2215/CJN.00560112. Kidney stones composed predominantly (50% or more) of calcium phosphate constitute up to 10% of all stones and 15%-20% of calcium stones, 80% of which are composed of calcium oxalate. Calcium phosphate is a minor component of up to 30%
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Calcium Phosphates SpringerLink
2016.4.21 Regarding their chemical composition, diverse combinations of CaO and P 2 O 5 oxides (both in the presence of water and without it) provide a large variety of calcium phosphates, which are differentiated by the type of the phosphate anion, namely, ortho- (PO 4 3−), meta- (PO 3 −), pyro- (P 2 O 7 4−), and poly- ((PO 3) n n−) phosphates ...
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New chemolysis for urological calcium phosphate calculi – a
2005.5.22 The chemical composition of these stones was varied but there was a predominance of calcium phosphate in almost all the stones and calcium oxalate was less than 10% (Table 1, Table 2). Table 1 Chemical analysis of 18 stones for stone dissolution.
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On the rocks: can urologists identify stone composition
2023.1.6 Purpose As part of the management of nephrolithiasis, determination of chemical composition of stones is important. Our objective in this study is to assess urologists’ accuracy in making visual, intraoperative determinations of stone composition. Materials and methods We conducted a REDCap survey asking urologists to predict
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Comprehensive morpho-constitutional analysis of urinary stones
2016.11.1 At variance with CaOx stones, phosphate stones are pH dependent [25] and they are also calcium dependent [26]. Their common lithogenic factors are a pH of more than 6 and hypercalciuria, both of diverse degrees, resulting in diverse chemical compositions, crystalline phases and morphology. Download : Download full-size image;
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Hypocitraturia and Renal Calculi - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf
2023.5.30 Previous 24-hour urine tests for nephrolithiasis prophylaxis and chemical stone composition analyses of prior renal calculi will also be helpful. ... Calcium phosphate stones can develop if the urine pH is consistently above 7.2. Patients with chronic renal failure are at higher risk of hyperkalemia and so should be monitored carefully.
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Calcium phosphates in geological, biological, and industrial
2022.1.1 Briefly, by definition, all known calcium phosphates consist of three major chemical elements: calcium (oxidation state + 2), phosphorus (oxidation state + 5), and oxygen (oxidation state − 2), as a part of the phosphate anions.These three chemical elements are present in abundance on the surface of our planet: oxygen is the most
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Calcium Phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 CID 24456 - PubChem
The phosphate ions in calcium phosphate likely react with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to neutralize the pH. In toothpaste and in systemic circulation, calcium phosphate provides a source of calcium and phosphate ions to support remineralization of the teeth and bone homeostasis respectively. The increase in plasma calcium reduces calcium flux from
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Stone Composition SpringerLink
2017.10.13 The largest stone composition study was probably conducted in Mayo Clinic in 2014 and included 43,545 patients . This study has shown an overall predominance of calcium oxalate stones representing 67.3% of all the stones, followed by apatite, uric acid, struvite, and brushite calculi accounting for 16.1, 8.3, 3, and 0.9% respectively. Cystine ...
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